About the founding of "Sambatyon",
its founder, Itzhak Nozyk reports the following motives:
"First all of our operettas were from American
productions, which were mostly melodramas or great
tragedies with songs and dance, which ceased to interest
our audience. Besides, the actors themselves also
wanted, in the end, to be liberated from this kind of
theatre, in which they had to simultaneously in one play
perform in a dramatic role, as well as being both a
singer and a dancer. And most have influenced the
outcome of the rehearsals in order to perform
translations of European operettas, which made for
themselves aftsutreyslen wanted umgelumfertn
American repertoire."
The opening of the theatre
under the name "Yidisher literarish-kinstlerisher
revi-teater "Sambatyon" under the leadership of Moshe
Korpinovicz came in June 1926 in Vilna's Folks Theatre.
The first program of singing was named "Hkl bkl mkl kl,
a joyous revue in two parts, put together and stage
directed by Yitzhak Nozyk, Marshalek (conference
representative) -- Leib Shriftzetser, with the
participation of M. Trilling, M. Gurevicz, Frania
Winter, M. Shapiro, Esther Lipovska, L. Yulin, Zlatke
Yoroslavska and Aneta Reyzer.
At the end of August,
Yitzhak Nozyk ibergekhzrt his tryouts in Warsaw.
here the first production was advertised under the name
"Sambatyon, a grotesque in two acts, twelve scenes with
a prologue, put together and stage directed by Yitzhak
Nozyk, music arranged by Shmuel Weinberg, settings by W.
Weintraub. "Sambatyon" delegate [conference
representative] -- H. Fenigstein".
In November 1926 in Warsaw,
there was given the second program, and at the end of
January 1927 -- the third program.
In 1927 there was given two
revue programs (one in October under the name "Der rbi
hot geheysn preylekh zayn"), and the troupe went on a
tour across the cities of Lodz, Bialystok, Grodno,
Kalich, Radom and Kielce.
In January 1928 there was
given a program under the name "Vu nemt men a khasen?, a
revue in two acts and ten scenes by A. Yitzkhaki", and
Yisrael Stern was announced as the literary director. In
March 1928 there was given a revue under the name "Yokum-bember",
in April 1928 -- a new revue program under the name "Nokh
hbdlh".
After a short tour acros Poland, the troupe disbanded,
and in Vilna they assembled a new ensemble under the
name "Azazel-Sambatyon, artistic direction -- Y. Nozyk
and Y. Strugacz, musical director -- Sh. Prizament,
scenic director -- W. Weintraub. Conference delegate -
W. Nodik". Te first program there that was given was
under the name "Nokh hbdlh". The second under the name
of "Hkfus", the third -- without a special name. And on
19 October 1928 there was given a fourth program
separately. Soon thereafter, this troupe again
disbanded.
In April 1929 a "Sambatyon"
again began to perform in Warsaw (at the "Skala"
Theatre), but already without the "Sambatyon" label.
The first program was performed under the name "Mit
yidene".
In October 1929 again there
was given a new program under the name "Yokl dem rbins",
and henceforth the revue theatre was liquidated.
In the span of its
existence, the theatre staged sketches, one-acters,
songs and scenes from : Kh. N. Bialyik, I. L. Peretz,
Sh. Frug, Dovid Frishman, A. Reyzen, Y. M. Weisenberg,
Moshe Broderzon, Z. Segalovicz, Moshe Kulbak, Y. M.
Neiman (a foygl), Y. Tunkl (Der Tunkeler), Bontshe, M.
Kipnis, Elkhanan Zeitlin, M. Nodelman, Pesakh Kaplan, M.
Gebirtig, Sh. Prizament, Nakhum Shterenheyt, L.
Hokhstein, Der lustiger pesimist (Y. Sh. Goldstein), Y.
Nozyk (A. Yitzkhaki, Skin), Y. Mitsmakher, Y. Oberzhanek,
Sh. O. Shneiderman and S. Kornteyer.
And the programs had in the
span of the that time there was also the participation
of: H. Fenigstein, Y. Nozyk, A. Rotman, D. Lederman, Kh.
Sandler, Yitzhak Feld, Adolf Berman, S. Bronetski, A.
Eyzenberg, A. Shtokfeder, Sh. Prizament, H. Feinstein,
M. Hermalin, H. Fisher, B. Shvartzstein, M. Levin, M.
Fishman, Chana Grosberg, Gizi Heyden, Kh. Levin, Eva
Shtokfeder, (Liza) Barska-Fisher, L. Shpilman, Maniela,
R. Gazel, H. Ferber (Nozyk), M. Rotman, Manya and Tsile
Rapel, M. Potatshinski, Ola Lilith, W. Nodik,
Zutsanovitz, Gina Gold, Hertlikh, M. Gurvitz.
The theatre was very popular
in Poland, especially its numbers, which used to be sung
across thousands of homes in Poland.
Y. Nozyk wrote about the
theatre: "We could get complaints about individual
numbers, or at times about an entire program, but we
have not needed and not getort forgotten that
only the achievement to distribute the Yiddish theatre,
the clumsy operettas, is worthy of praise. Also it's
given the opportunity the writers to test out their
works in the scene: an artist-painter to display
beautiful set decorations; a warm folk song refreshing
with an artistic dramatization; a musician and a
regisseur to seek and find new forms in the musical and
scenic productions, and individual actors to ring out
individual fine types and beautiful creations. --
all these had to be more than the not-so-good moments".
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N. M. [Mayzel] --
Sambatyon, "Literarishe bleter", Warsaw, N' 121,
1926.
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N. Mayzel -- Dos
tsveyte program fun "sambatyon", "Literarishe bleter",
Warsaw, N' 133, 1926.
-
Y. Kener -- Fun unzer
klein-bine, sambatyon, 2, "Arbeter-velt", Wrsaw, N'
40, 1926.
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M. Kipnis -- Der
sambatyon hot zikh tseshpilt...., "Haynt", Warsaw,
29 August 1926.
-
Tunkeler --
Bamerkungen vegn teater (sambatyon), "Moment",
Warsaw, 31 August 1926.
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A teatral [B.
Michalevitsh] -- Der sambatyon varft, "Folkstsaytung",
Warsaw, 24 August 1926.
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A teatral -- Der "sambatyon"
varft di tsveyte program, "Folkstsaytung", Warsaw,
16 November 1926.
-
[--] -- Der tsveyter
sambatyon-program, "Varshever ekspres", 16 November
1926.
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N. Mayzel -- Dos
drite program fun "sambatyon", "Literarishe
bleter", Warsaw, N' 5, 1927.
-
N. M. -- "Der rbi hot
geheysn freeylekh zayn", "Literarishe bleter",
Warsaw, N' 48, 1927.
-
Elkhanan Zeitlin --
"Vu nemt men a khasen?", "Unzer ekspres", Warsaw, 23
January 1928.
-
M. Kipnis -- "Vu nemt
men a khasen?", "Haynt", Warsaw, 31 January 1928.
-
Yitzhak Nozyk --
Sambatyon, "Literarishe bleter", Warsaw, N' 6, 1928.
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A. Shvartser [Y.
Nisenbaum] -- "Sambatyon" in teater pa??eon, "Lubliner
tegblat", 18 February 1928.
-
Elkhanan Zeitlin -- "Yokum-bembe"
in skala-teater, "Unzer ekspres", Warsaw, 5 March
1928.
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Bit-shin [B. Shefner]
-- "Nokh havdalah", "Naye folkstsaytung", Warsaw, 15
April 1928.
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M. Kipnis -- Nokh
havdalah, "Haynt", Warsaw, 3 May 1928.
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Dr. Moshe Lustig -- "Der
rbi hot geheysn freylekh zayn", "Der morgn",
Lemberg, 18 Mary 1928.
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Dr. Moshe Lustig -- "Nokh
havdalah", dort, 28 May 1928.
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Dr. Moshe Lustig -- "Gvald,
dirh-gelt", dort, 1 June 1928.
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Sh. L. Tsitron -- "Azazel-sambatyon",
"Vilner tog", 5 October 1928.
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A. Grafman -- A por
bitere verter, "Moment", Warsaw, 7 April 1929.
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Y. M. Neyman -- Humor
in idishen teater, "Haynt", Warsaw, 22 April 1929.
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Elkhanan Zeitlin -- "Mis
yudene" in "skala-teater", "Unzer ekspres", Warsaw,
30 April 1929.
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Elkhanan Zeitlin -- "Yokl
dem rbin's" in "skala", "Unzer ekspres", Warsaw, 28
October 1929.
-
Shimshon Khn -- Revi
un operete, "Vilner tog", 24 May 1933.
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